The Economic Problem and how it Affects Society Essay Example for Free

The Economic Problem and how it Affects Society Essay Characterize the monetary issue. Clarify how singular buyers, business firms and the administration are totally confronted with the financial issue. Distinguish the distinctive financial elements that impact how each gathering tries to address this issue. The financial issue happens due to the way that the gracefully of assets used to create merchandise and ventures are restricted or limited yet there is a vast measure of requests and needs of people. At the end of the day, the monetary issue is outcome of restricted assets, however boundless needs. People must choose what is the best thing to purchase with their restricted assets. This is called opportunity cost, which includes the customer figuring out which merchandise and ventures will give the most fulfillment and incentive for cash. In advertise economies, purchasers have sway over the market and hence they impact which items are delivered and the sum created. Be that as it may, numerous organizations powerfully promote undesirable or pointless merchandise and enterprises to specific buyers, which can bring about a misallocation of assets. In agreement to the monetary issue, organizations have various issues to address: What to create? How to deliver? The amount to deliver? To whom to convey? What to create Firms must choose which creation blend of products and enterprises will includes the least expense however bring about the biggest measure of produce Instructions to create alludes to what strategy for creation of the chose merchandise and ventures Is the most practical and effective The amount to create includes foreseeing the measure of products and ventures that will be required and requested. Utilizing these measurements, the business will endeavor to create an amount of merchandise equivalent to or as close as conceivable toâ that sum. This forecast is generally founded on the measure of utilization, request and benefit of the earlier year. To whom to circulate the proportion of dispersion of products and ventures the nation over, state or area, as per shopper requests and accessibility of transport. The administration has an administrative job in the economy through the control of expenses and redistribution of salary. For instance, when an economy has a low degree of monetary movement, the administration can expand its use on things, for example, foundation, and could bring down assessments to empower customer and business spending. So also, the administration could diminish spending and increment expenses to impact sparing and less shopping rampage spends, to lessen the financial action. The Reserve Bank can likewise go about as a controller and can drastically change the course of an economy. The Reserve Bank can raise and lower loan costs which impacts household sparing and speculation, and furthermore influences remote venture. For instance raising financing costs would urge outside nations to purchase Australian dollars to benefit from the enthusiasm of their venture. The legislature makes them bear on the activities of the Reserve Bank, anyway its impact is very minor.

Isolationist Policy In The United States (1920’S And 1930’S) Essay Example for Free

Noninterventionist Policy In The United States (1920’S And 1930’S) Essay Nonintervention relates to the international strategy that includes two significant activities, non-intercession with respect to military activities and security of financial exercises. In the zone of non-interventionism, the political pioneers are seen to evade any alliances with different nations just as any cooperation in fighting and different types of self-preservation exercises identified with domains. In the region of protectionism, legitimate hindrances are raised so as to control any trades identified with exchange and sharing of social data with people speaking to different states. The idea of nonintervention is regularly mixed up as a non-interventionist perspective or theory and universal strategy related with freedom, which involves unlimited exchanging and going between people from any piece of the world. It is in this way best to utilize the term libertarian noninterventionist as the strategy of non-intercession or not taking an interest with any exercises or not getting related with any political relations with an outside nation yet as yet holding the capacity of partaking in organized commerce. The precept of non-interest of the United States through the refusal of going into any type of collusion, understanding or duty with an outside nation has been seen during various decades. Such independent approach is likewise coupled to the endeavors of the United States to ingrain a feeling of confidence dependent on a steady economy by committing endeavors of the headway of the nation, in the two courses of discretion and financial matters, while keeping up a state of harmony by avoiding any relationship with different nations and duties. It is comprehended that created nations by and large participate in exchange relations with different nations request to extend its work power just as increase their expectation of living dependent on the ascent of the country’s economy. In any case, the United States is known to follow a protectionist strategy which involves separation from any type of commitment with exchange relations with different nations. The pioneers of the United States accept that such arrangement is advantageous to the United States, while business analysts express the inverse, that such strategy is impeding. Different pundits have communicated that since the United States is perceived as the greatest shopper of the world and conveys it own rich common assets, it can character explicit conditions that ought to be applied to items and administrations that are brought into the nation. This condition is something contrary to the organized commerce approach, which permits any nation to play out a specific activity that is perceived to be their mastery, and thusly advantage from the exchanging of their items. The selection of the independent arrangement is the aftereffect of the states of a specific nation, for example, war, emergencies and uprisings that may begin from different nations. The independent arrangement embraced by the United States was for the most part because of the impacts of World War I, the Great Depression and the critical convergence of workers. The times of the 1920’s and the 1930’s were described by the independent conditions in the United States, wherein there was social confinement from any type of commitment with nations around the globe. The authored mentality, known as the Red Scare, depended on the Sacco and Vanzetti preliminary. In this setting, Americans gave more concentration into ingraining peacefulness in their homes, more than giving endeavors in accomplishing and imparting harmony in different nations. It has been portrayed that the United States embraced the independent approach in light of the fact that the nation was at that point depleted by worldwide issues around then. Considering this, the political pioneers of the United States were extremely restless in avoiding issues and related impacts of war. This can be seen in the Kellogg-Briand Pact of 1928, which expressed that war was prohibited as a device for global arrangement. In an open location given by Warren G. Harding in the 1920’s, it was communicated that a supergovernment is the least of the United States’ dream and thus, consideration ought to be given to national issues. It was likewise expressed that embracing the neutralist arrangement isn't narrow minded, yet is really a type of sacredness. The consequence of the Treaty of Versailles is another case of the appropriation of the independent strategy by the United States in the 1920’s and 1930’s. For this situation, the U. S. Senate didn't consent to approve the Treaty which expresses that the United States would take part in the League of Nations. The United States’ refusal to affirm this Treaty demonstrated the hatred of the U. S. over ideas of vision at the worldwide level, in light of the fact that the United States feels that participating in this Treaty would in the long run lead the nation to war. The United States at that point was effectively communicating the war is an infectious sickness which can spread the world over at an exceptionally quick pace. With this stand, the Neutrality Acts of 1935, 1936 and 1937 were made, which forestalls the reappearance of ties between the United States and any war activities or approaches (Doenecke, 1982). The numerous essences of neutrality are unmistakably appeared during the 1920’s and the 1930’s. During these decades, the political and social perspectives and American strategy were turned towards noninterference, for example, the expanding apprehension of socialism, fatigue from war, and the counter extreme mania. In the following decades, for example, the 1950’s, these equivalent communist noninterventionist sees were additionally apparent, however this time the political approach was turned towards and internationalist perspective. Nonintervention, anyway radical in idea, came about because of the conditions wherein it was gotten from. Reference Doenecke JD (1982): American Isolationism, 1939-1941. Diary of Libertarian Studies, Summer/Fall 6(3):201-216.

Abc buildcon

ABC Buildcon is equal with profoundly energetic experts and enterprisers, devoted and resolved to create a stage to decipher your fantasies of choicest spot to world. It is an excited gathering with outstanding foreknowledge and invasions into vital developing by exploring new conceivable to change over imaginings into fact Our point is to use our discernment and assets to flexibly prime rule of life. We are sponsored by experient experts and we endeavor to work you better by setting possibilities and enhancing your investings and make a benchmark in standard of administration and solidarity. With the insight of the current inclinations, we help you to secure the best exchange of your putting resources into the focused on way. A crew of devoted experts is going by: Shri RP Agarwal, Anil Gupta and A ; Bimal Gupta under devoted and submitted stewardship with in excess of 5 mature ages of involvement with existent domain administrations dealing with all the nations of NCR †Delhi, Gurgaon, Chandigarh and A ; Jaipur either Residential, Commercial or Industrial Properties. â€Å"We are focused on whole Customer Satisfaction by providing best administrations in the field of existent home. This will be accomplished by doing constant advancements in our framework including all activities† . Our consistence of the worry is centered around working with the customers by taking a professional dynamic assault and worth An Iso 9001 2000 Certified Company ; Adjust to Quality Management System StandardOur VisionABC Buildcon Pvt. Ltd. is spent significant time in course and acknowledgment of Indian investings. Its competency and trustworthiness depend on investigative assault and study of a particular conditions available of existent bequests. Among its customers there is an extensive figure of outside organizations holding associations on the area of Gurgaon, Delhi NCR, Chandigarh and A ; Jaipur in India. ABC Buildcon Pvt. Ltd. is a progressively creating organization in the field of crowd administrations †offering to its customers a full degree of crowds, course, juridical and promoting examination of flexibly and-request available of existent bequests. The soul of the organization by offering to its customers entirely and precisely definite market investigation, by mediating in usage of minutess and by providing †for their customers †warrants for insurance of their contributions. The Secret of our organization comprise in: â€Exceeding trustworthiness in providing data and great choiceProfessionalism and assuranceHigh quality going to including after a managing concludedOur MissionOur Mission And ValuessFocused On ServiceIdentify customer viewpoints and demandsSupply arrangements that meet concern demandsApply and stick to the most elevated rules of serviceDeliver committednesss on cut, each clipDriven By IntegrityDemonstrate most elevated degrees of demonstrable skill and unitySystematically utilize perceived best patternsComply with all requests of regulative and expert natural structuresOur TeamABC Buildcon Pvt. Ltd. is quickly working in the nations like Gurgaon, Chandigarh, Jaipur and Delhi NCR. Since the starting point of our organization, it is working great under the adequate and experient driving of Shri RPAgarwal, Mr. Anil Gupta and A ; Bimal Gupta. Aside from this, we are going in front with the guide of the top of the line work power, which is d evoted to conclusion of the points of the organization. Probably the best quality I ‘ve obtained during my guidance is acceptable explanatory and be aftering achievements. This has ever profited me to put finishes and try to achieve them. However, at a similar clasp, I ‘m driven by the thoughts of accomplishment. ABC Buildcon Pvt. Ltd. is a turning organization and we are to the full prepared in footings of work power and different assets to help through the points of our society.Our bunch has been efficiently going towards a high developing open introduction and supports a chose crew of experts persuaded by the whole worth assault. The crew is entirely prepared to get by with the presents inclinations, qualified to use a wide range of organizations of current correspondences, perpetually bettering its ability for duologue with customers by immediate and backhanded contacts. We at ABC Buildcon Pvt Ltd. Are resolved to propel Real Estate Service taking to with the Satisfaction of our customers. This will be accomplished by acknowledgment of continuous advancement of value heading framework by the crew of committed boss working in a situation of crew soul.

Signature Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Mark Assignment - Essay Example On the off chance that an association is not kidding about its responsibility to decent variety, one would expect this would be reflected in the plan, substance and illustrations of the site. Potential workers, clients, providers, and so on regularly go to the site before starting cooperation with an association. On the off chance that assorted variety is extremely basic to the strategic estimations of an association, data on decent variety ought to be effectively open, enlightening and all around incorporated into the site. Assorted variety at Google in light of the above explanation, Google strategic to arrange the different measure of data and make them all around valuable and open. This suggests the statement of purpose is expanded and it accordingly all around incorporated in its site. Decent variety has a long history in Google, directly from its originators and representatives who realized that it was the correct method to fabricate the organization. Beginning from Alan Eustac e, who propelled the Anlta Borg Scholrship in the year 2004 to development of worldwide system for the representative, for example, â€Å"Google Women Engineers† assorted variety endeavors made at Google are â€Å"bubbling up and streaming down† since its origin (Google, 2010, 5-6). ... The site gives direct connect to the way of life of Google and Googlers which demonstrates the work decent variety it has in its association. The area, about the supervisory crew, accepts of the organization and what Google really does is totally expressed unmistakably in its site. Notwithstanding the abovementioned, the different items and administrations that Google offers are additionally unmistakably referenced on the landing page of (Google-a, n.d). Assorted variety related material incorporates culture, area and the supervisory crew and alongside it accepts of Google and Googlers likewise can be alluded to as decent variety related materials. Google is known for its assorted variety in work culture and recruits individuals from various culture and buckle down so as to guarantee its responsibility towards decent variety and construct everything that Goggle does, from selecting representatives and building the work culture to maintaining the business and building up the item, adm inistrations and instruments. Google praises a wide culture of assorted variety and structures a fundamental segment at Google culture. Among the different festivals that happen at Google, for example, Veteran’s Day, Black History Month, Hispanic Heritage Month, LGBT Pride, Google has likewise evolved barely any conventions and festivities for the Googlers and individuals who are a piece of Employee Resource Groups (Google-b, n.d). Decent variety activities at Google center for the most part around three principle zones, to change the innovation business; to make a work place and to engage assorted business alongside networks on the web. Notwithstanding the way of life assorted variety, Google additionally commends decent variety with its Google Doodles (Google-c, 2011). Anyway the decent variety according to Google Doodles isn't legitimately appeared in the site of Google and there is no immediate connection from the landing page. Yet, by saying so it doesn't imply that

How to Say of Course in Spanish

The most effective method to Say of Course in Spanish In the event that you need to demonstrate that something is self-evident, similarly as you would do in English with the expression obviously, here are a few words and expressions that you can utilize, some of them are intensifiers of certification. Obviously, when making an interpretation of such sentences to English, you arent restricted to the expression obviously or those utilized here; contingent upon the tone of the discussion, you can likewise utilize words, for example, clearly and positively. Claro A strict interpretation of claro is obviously, in spite of the fact that obviously frequently works, contingent upon the unique circumstance: Claro que irã © a Costa Rica a ver a Cristiano. (Obviously, Ill go to Costa Rica to see Cristiano.)Sà ­, sã ­, claro, estoy muy contenta. (Indeed, truly, obviously, Im very happy.) ¡Claro que sã ­! (Of course!) ¡Claro que no! (Obviously not!) ¡Claro que fue gol! (Obviously, it was a goal!)La diferencia, claro, es que la droga es ilegal. (The distinction, obviously, is that the medication is illegal.)Claro que el paã ­s est dividido entre los que trabajamos y los que no trabajamos. (Plainly, the nation is separated between those of us who work and those of us who dont work.) Desde Luego Just like the case with different sayings, the expression desde luego doesnt bode well in the event that you take a stab at deciphering it in exactly the same words (since later). Be that as it may, in certain regions it is a well known approach to state obviously:  ¡Desde luego! (Of course!) ¡Desde luego que no! (Obviously not!)Desde luego que habrã ­a un nuevo plan. (Obviously thered be a fresh out of the box new plan.)Desde luego que vamos hacerlo lo ms rpido posible. (Obviously, would do it as fast as possible.)Jimmy Page es un gran guitarrista, desde luego. (Jimmy Page is an extraordinary guitarist, obviously.) Por Supuesto Por supuesto is likewise normal:  ¡Por supuesto! (Of course!) ¡Por supuesto que no! (Obviously not!)Por supuesto creo que el estado debe ayudarnos. (Obviously I accept the state should help us.)Estoy muy satisfecha, por supuesto. (Im very fulfilled, of course.)Por supuesto, vamos an analizar todo lo que pasã ³. (Clearly, would investigate everything that has occurred.) Know that occasionally por supuesto can be a piece of a more extended expression to demonstrate that something is assumed instead of demonstrated, as supuesto is the past participle of suponer, which frequently intends to assume: Detuvieron al hijo del entertainer por supuesto abuso. (They captured the entertainers child for supposed maltreatment.) Es un Hecho Que Es un hecho que can be utilized to demonstrate that something can just be expected: Es un hecho que los senadores tambiã ©n aprobarn el programa. (It very well may be underestimated that the legislators will likewise favor the program.)Creo que es un hecho que el cambio del clima se debe al hombre. (I accept its a given that environmental change is keeps an eye on doing.) Different Adverbs Different prospects incorporate the verb modifiers obviamente (clearly), seguramente (without a doubt) and ciertamente (surely), despite the fact that obviously the decision of interpretation relies upon the unique situation: Obviamente la pregunta est formulada de esa manera para confundir a la gente. (Clearly the inquiry is worded that approach to befuddle people.)Compramos muchas cosas y obviamente compramos trajes de baã ±o. (We purchased a great deal of things, and clearly we purchased swimsuits.)Seguramente prefieren lo mismo que nosotros. (Most likely they lean toward a similar thing as we do.)Ciertamente no quiero ser parte de ello. (Unquestionably, I dont need to be a piece of that.)Nuestro profesor, ciertamente, es à ºnico. (Our instructor certainly is unique.)Las casas estn deterioradas y seguramente requerirn de una inversiã ³n grande. (The houses are weakened and doubtlessly will require an enormous speculation.)

Code of Ethics Sm Investment Corporation - Free Essay Example

Bulanday, Monica Patricia Camille A. 4MKTG02 Social Responsibility Prof. Stella A. Yanuaria August 31, 2010 SM INVESTMENTS CORPORATION Code of Ethics/Policies SMIC adopted a Code of Ethics on September 21, 2007 to re-affirm the companys commitment to the highest standards of ethics, good governance, competence and integrity in pursuing the companys mission and vision to serve the best interest of its customers, stakeholders and the country. The Code provides that the company strives to render adequate, reliable and efficient customer service at reasonable cost. The company also protects shareholders and investors interests, including their rights to a fair return of   investment and accurate and timely information. The Code mandates a fair and transparent process for the evaluation and selection of   suppliers of goods and services. It likewise requires an effective monitoring and control system to prevent fraud and other malpractices. The Code prohibits the solicitation or acceptance of gifts by any director, officer or   employee of the company from any business partner, except only for gifts of nominal value or those given for the companys charitable projects. It further prohibits conflict of interest,   insider trading, corruption and other illegal acts. The Company selects, develops and compensates the best people to manage the company. It   aims to provide its employees with adequate benefits as well as a safe workplace and environment. It also supports health, educational, social, livelihood and other charitable projects nationwide. Revised Code of Ethics In March 2009, SM Investments Corporation revised its Code of Ethics, which serves as a guiding principle for its directors, officers and employees in the performance of their duties and the conduct of their transactions with business partners. The Code reflects the Companys mission, vision and values statement. The salient provisions of the Code pertain to compliance and integrity, relationship with business partners, employee welfare, shareholder rights and protection of company information. Some of the important provisions of the Code are as follows: * All employees are required to immediately report to the management all suspected or actual fraudulent or dishonest acts. * Solicitation or acceptance of gifts in any form from any business partner is prohibited, except for gifts of nominal value. Any conflict of interest must be promptly disclosed to the management. * All employees are prohibited from disclosing vital business information, unless authorized by the company or required by law. * Insider trading is prohibited. The companys Human Resources and Corporate Governance departments are responsible for implementing and monitoring compliance with the Code. Violations of the Code are punishable by disciplinary action a nd/or the filing of appropriate civil and criminal action. Guidelines on Acceptance of Gifts To ensure integrity in procurement practices and the selection of the most appropriate   business partner in each instance, SMIC adopted guidelines on the acceptance of gifts by all directors, officers and employees from the companys business partners. Under this policy, all directors, officers and employees are prohibited from soliciting gifts in any form from any business partner. They are further prohibited from accepting gifts in any form, except for corporate give-aways, tokens or promotional items of nominal value. Insider Trading Policy To implement the prohibitions on insider trading in the Securities Regulation Code and to comply with best practices on corporate governance, SMIC also adopted a policy on insider trading. The policy prohibits directors, officers and employees of SM who know material and confidential information from buying or selling shares of stock of the listed SM companies. All information that is likely to affect the market price of SMs shares is deemed to be material. In line with the companys insider trading policy, all directors and senior officers are required to   Ã‚  Ã‚   disclose their transactions on the companys shares, in accordance with the provisions of the   Ã‚  Ã‚   Securities Regulation Code and other relevant issuances. Guidelines on Placement of Advertisements SMIC further issued a policy to prohibit the placement of advertisements in publications that solicit for such ad placement prior to the release of the official results of an awarding process conducted by the publication and where an SM company or executive is one of the nominees vying for the award/s. SM may consider placing advertisements in such publications as part of its over-all marketing strategy, but only after the release of the results of the awarding process and where it will not create reasonable doubt that such ad placement influenced in any way an award given to an SM company or executive. Guidelines on Travel Sponsored by Business Partners In August 2009, SMIC issued guidelines on travel sponsored by business partners. The guidelines prohibit travel sponsored by business partners, which refer to contractors, suppliers, banks and other entities engaged in business with SMIC. Where a business partner invites SMIC officers or employees to travel for the purpose of attending trade shows or exhibits, or for exposure to new products   and innovations, among other similar purposes, officers and employees are prohibited from accepting such sponsored travel. If the SMIC management deems that such travel is necessary for the business and for the development and training of officers and employees, SMIC will pay for the cost of the travel. The guidelines further prohibit all SMIC officers or employees from accepting any travel sponsored by any current or prospective business partner which is participating in any on-going bidding or selection process for any SM project or transaction. Anti Money Laundering Law Guidelines In May 2009, SMIC issued Anti Money Laundering Law guidelines for its property group. The guidelines lay down rules on acceptance of payment for real property projects and stresses the importance of know-your-client procedures. The guidelines are compliant with the provisions of the Anti-Money Laundering Law and its implementing rules and regulations.

True character is revealed under pressure - Literature Essay Samples

In both The Crucible and Year of Wonders, characters are put under pressure and in times of crisis their true character is revealed. Arthur Miller’s, The Crucible, showcases the grotesque nature of the human form and how it contorts when tempted by jealousy and deceit, Abigail Williams showcases this clearly, although much of the town is evidently swept up in the hysteria of the witch-hunt. Similarly, Geraldine Brooks’, Year of wonders, is also a depiction of the disintegration of moral character resulting from disease and crisis in a small town, specifically in characters of Josiah and Aphra Bont. They take advantage of the weak and exploit them to satisfy their own greed. Many characters in both texts appear to be morally good, especially the Puritans, however both novels show the inner corruption and judgment of the church leaders. Cracks in character are also revealed by the mass hysteria that is ridden throughout both texts. The Crucible explores the detrimental ef fect the notion of the devil and witchcraft can have on a town, whereas Year of Wonders deals with the death and disease that results from the plague. However a person’s true character can be shown to be moral and good when faced with pressuring situations. The character of Anna Frith shows that life or death situations can allow some to thrive off the duty of helping others. Similarly in The Crucible, John Proctor remains dignified in the madness of the witch trials. Jealousy, greed and the temptation of a lie can often lure one into darkness, this notion is presented in both The Crucible and Year of Wonders. The lure of these dangerous emotions reveal the worst sides of several charters in the texts. Abigail Williams of Arthur Miller’s The Crucible is driven by jealousy and her own carnal instincts to achieve what is best for her at all times. Abigail is a ‘wild thing’ who ‘may say wild things’ and is an unpredictable mark against the puritan ethos of the conventional Salem society. Miller describes her as having an ‘endless capacity for dissembling’, she is devious and capitalizes off the mass hysteria ignited by the witch trials. Abigail makes a habit of taking a pressuring situation and using it to her advantage often to the detriment of others. She does this in Act One, by blaming Tituba of associating with the devil and again in Act Three, when Mary tries to expose her. Similarly, in Year of Won ders Josiah Bont utilizes crisis and hysteria to his own advantage, by capitalizing off the weak and burying their dead. Josiah Bont abuses his position of power by taking advantage of ‘those too ill or weak to bury their dead’. He demands a high fee for this and also loots the possessions of the dead and the mourning, ‘he would take whatever in the house or field had the most value’. However the true testament to the extent of his greed was when ‘He finally committed an act so vile’ by burying a man alive. Josiah’s wife, Aphra Bont, is stricken with grief at Josiah’s passing and falls victim to insanity. Unable to cope with the pressure and crisis she has been left with, Aphra adds to the hysteria by lying and deceiving. Like her late-husband, she uses the plague to exploit her neighbors by posing as the ghost of Anys Gowdie, who was accused of being a witch. Aphra sells the plague stricken townspeople phony remedies that only in flict more pain and suffering. Thus, both The Crucible and Year of Wonders demonstrate the self-centered nature of several characters and how this is heightened by pressure in a crisis. Both texts are set in similar time period of the 16th century, thus similar societal norms and values are shared by the people of Salem and Eyam. The vast majority of characters in both novels believe in the devil just as passionately as they believe in God. In The Crucible authority is awarded to those of great religious stature. The puritan leaders are given full control of legal conviction and the community has doubtless faith in their decisions, thus in Salem, ‘There is either obedience or the church will burn like hell is burning!’. The people of Salem blur the lines between faith and the law, and go to great lengths to be rid of the devil. Puritan characters such as Reverend Parris begin with good intentions influenced by their faith to cleanse the town of the devil. However the actions they take in the madness are corrupt. Many cling to these ideal as a sense of justification, Danforth defends the standing of the court even when he suspects that the court is wrong , he insists that ‘[he] cannot pardon these when twelve are already hanged for the dame crime. It is not just’. The people of Eyam in the Year of Wonders place a similar amount of authority on the church. Although the puritans no longer rule, their influence still persists, ‘the puritans who had ministered us here had held that all actions and thoughts could be only one of two natures: godly and right, or satanic and evil’. In both texts characters are blinded by the influence of religion and certainty of its righteousness, and often become maniacal in their methods to utilize religion to mend their issues. This is seen in both witch-trials in The Crucible and Year of Wonders. Although puritans are thought of as the moral compasses of a town, when crisis erupts both texts showcase the hysterical nature of characters and their grip on religion as a justifiable reason for madness. In The Crucible and Year of Wonders, hysteria and fear dominate the villages of Salem and Eyam. Characters in The Crucible turn their own neighbors out of fear that the devil might be conspiring alongside them. The mass hysteria dislodges all rational logic, and leads the characters to blame witchcraft for situations they cannot understand. This blurriness between what is real and what is a product of hysteria presents the witch-hunt as ‘a long overdue opportunity for everyone so inclined to express publicly his guilt and sins’ thus ‘long-held hatreds of neighbors could now be openly expressed, and vengeance taken’. Hysteria is shown to reveal the selfish nature of character such as Abigail in The Crucible, as she uses the townspeople’s fear of witch-craft to turn them against goody proctor. The influence of hysteria and fear is also apparent in Year of Wonders, particularly in the character of Aphra Bont. Fuelled by grief and trauma, Aphra engages in crazed behavior after the death of her husband Josiah Bont. She commits horrific crimes, however it is the actions taken by her neighbors as a result of her offences that shows the full extent of the mass hysteria. Fears grips other minor characters as well, John Gordon’s self-flagellation also represents the way hysteria can take a hold of people and cause madness. Both The Crucible and Year of Wonders showcase the influence of hysteria and fear on crisis, and how it dominates the community, allowing for the manifestation of human fear and its effect on a person. Although crisis and pressure predominately reveals the worst in most characters in The Crucible and Year of Wonders, certain characters harness the responsibility and show themselves to be truly moral. In The Crucible, John Proctor was ‘respected and even feared in Salem’, he is a good and godly man who deeply regrets his sins, including his adultery. Proctor acts valiantly and stays in court to ‘face the demons’. Although Proctor is skeptical about the witchcraft movement in refuses to name others who may have been ‘compacting with the devil’ even though it meant sacrificing his survival. Proctor ultimately decides that he must stand by his own dignity and integrity, because he believes himself ‘not worth the dust on the feet of those that hang! I have given you my soul; leave me my name!’. Thus, Proctor sacrifices his life for his legacy and preservation of a good name. In year of wonders, Anna Frith is the most morally sound cha racter through her devotion to tending the sick and finding a cure for the plague, whilst battling her own grief. Since her husband’s death, ‘[she’s] tended so many bodies, people [she] loved and people [she] barely knew’, Anna puts aside her own pain and suffering to help the community in crisis. Both John Proctor and Anna Frith reveal themselves to be truly good and moral in their reactions to the pressure and crisis. Crisis grips the two towns of Salem and Eyam, and puts pressure on the characters of both The Crucible and Year of Wonders. Abigail Williams of The Crucible is shown to be truly ugly and twisted by self-desire within. Likewise, in Year of Wonders Josiah and Aphra Bont turn to greed and lying to take advantage of the plague ridden town. The 16th century worldview is deeply saturated with religious and puritan ideology. This reliance on religion often blinds characters and can lead to superstition and mass hysteria, all of which test characters and reveal their inner corruption. In The Crucible, ‘the witch-hunt was a perverse manifestation of the panic’, similarly in Year of Wonders the plague had an alike debilitating effect as the characters were ‘rendered in the fiery furnace of this disease’. In both texts the true character of those put under pressure during a crisis is tested and more often than not the results are unflattering. However the pressure can also allow some characters to thrive in a deathly situation.